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Rose Cecil O'Neill (June 25, 1874 – April 6, 1944) was an American illustrator, artist, and writer who created the popular comic characters, Kewpies. After the growing popularity of O'Neill's Kewpie cartoons upon their publication in 1909, the characters were made into bisque dolls in 1912 by a German toy company, and later in composition material and celluloid. They were wildly popular in the early twentieth century, and are considered to be one of the first mass-marketed toys in America. O'Neill also wrote several novels and books of poetry, and was active in the women's suffrage movement.〔 She at one point became the highest-paid female illustrator in the world upon the success of the Kewpie dolls.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=The State Historical Society of Missouri )〕 ==Early life== O'Neill was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania as the second of seven children to William Patrick and Alice Asenath "Meemie" Smith O'Neill. When she was three years old, O'Neill's family relocated to rural Nebraska, where she was raised. From early childhood she expressed significant interest in the arts, immersing herself in drawing, painting, and sculpture.〔 At the age of 13 Rose entered a children's drawing competition sponsored by the ''Omaha Herald'' and won first prize.〔 Within two years she was doing illustrations for the ''Excelsior'' and ''The Great Divide'' and other periodicals with help from the editor at the ''Omaha World-Herald'' and the Art Director from ''Everybody Magazine'' that had judged the competition. The income helped support her family which her father had not been able to do as a bookseller. Later O'Neill's father decided she would do even better if she went to New York City. William Patrick O'Neill took his daughter in 1893 to New York stopping in Chicago to see the World Columbian Exposition where she saw large paintings and sculptures for the first time that she had only seen in her father's books. Once in New York, Rose was left on her own to live with the Sisters of St. Regis. The nuns accompanied her to various publishers to sell from her portfolio of 60 drawings. Rose sold all her work and took orders for more. Soon she was an extremely popular illustrator and was being paid top dollar for her work. In the September 19, 1896 issue of ''True'' magazine O'Neill became the first American women cartoonist〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=National Women's History Project Honors the 2008 National Women's History Month honorees )〕 with "The Old Subscriber" cartoon strip. While O'Neill was in New York her father made a homestead claimed on a small tract of land in the Ozarks wilderness of southern Missouri. The tract had a 'dog-trot' cabin with two log cabins and a breezeway between, with one cabin used for eating and living and the other for sleeping. A year later Rose visited the land, which became known as "Bonniebrook".〔(roseoneill.org )〕 During this time O'Neill joined the staff of ''Puck'' magazine. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rose O'Neill」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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